The Hitchhiker's Guide to Core Samples: Key Issues and Lessons Learned

Core samples may be used as valuable geochronometers for storing historical pollution footprints of organic pollutants. In order to elevate core samples as a more reliable tool for retrospective understanding of chemical pollution, certain prerequisites must be satisfied to rule out various confounding factors such as biomixing and melting. This study aims to understand when core samples can or cannot be used as natural archives for organic pollutants. It summarizes and highlights lessons learned on study design in the context of sampling design, data analysis, and data reporting. It serves as an initial step toward a better and more accurate use of core samples, and further interdisciplinary cooperation is needed to develop standardized protocols, guidelines and tools.